Pilipavicius, Vytautas Primary Author mixed material bibliography en English

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Weed control is one of the most intensive management practices in different production systems in tropical regions and can influence both agricultural productivity and impact the environment. Despite the importance of this issue, studies reporting the action of different methods of weed control on soil physical properties and their effects on the management and conservation of soil and water are scarce, requiring a greater understanding of the adequacy of management systems. Weeds are considered one of the major constraints in crop production and may substantially reduce yields when not controlled properly. Potential yield reductions caused by uncontrolled weeds are estimated at Śś % to şś % depending on the crop, ecological and climatic conditions [ŗ]. A key to effectiveness weed management is a holistic approach regarding the scenario considered and must include a combination of tactics and practices in order to successfully and economically reduce the potentially negative impacts inherent to weeds incidence [Ř]. There are numerous methods of mechanical control of weeds including mowing, cultivation, hoeing, flaming, mulching, and hand weeding. Chemical control of weeds mainly consists of using pre and post-emergence herbicides and soil fumigants [Ř]. Herbicides and tillage are the dominant practices in many production systems due to efficiency and facilities for weed control [ř]. However, these methods may be inadequate for weed control in tropical conditions and may have negative impacts on soil and to the environment most of these impacts are related to hydric erosion [Ś-ŝ] and soil compaction, which affect soil quality [Ş-ŗŗ]. Weed management and cover crops also affects micropedological [Ŝ], biological [ŗŘ-ŗř], chemical soil properties [ŗŘ, ŗŚ-ŗŝ]. EBOOK SOIL BIOLOGY NONE e-BOOK UPT Perpustakaan Instiper Yogyakarta hdfhfdshdshdfdgj.jpg.jpg 517 2019-07-04 11:47:00 2019-07-08 08:28:27 machine generated