This reference book is intended to provide information for students, instructors, and researchers on a range of topics in plant cytogenetics, including classical cytogenetics of plant genomes and chromosomes from structural or functional perspectives, modern molecular cytology and cytogenetics in the twenty-first century, recent methods, and laboratory exercises suitable for undergraduate or graduate instruction. The book is divided into three sections, each with chapters contributed by leading international scholars in the field. Our hope is that these chapters will supplement the many excel-lent review articles on plant cytogenetics published in the last 10 years and will provide a lasting contribution as a reference book on this important topic.